Although the Corruption Act has been specific, but its punishment system not constructed from its basic concept, that is the concept of authority. As a result, a lot of things that are paradoxical and contradictory in its substance; particularly in the construction of its criminal elements. This study departs from the belief that this problem will be solved if the system is reconstructed with reference to the concept of punishment authority as its "raw material". By dissecting the concept of authority with progressive fiqh approach that utilizes social sciences, and by using the technique of philosophical analysis of normative-prescriptive, came to the conclusion that the system of corruption punishment should refer to the status of legal subjects who holds the authority, not the aspect of state losses as Corruption Act at this time.

Inheritance law occupies an important role in Islamic law. In West Aceh, at every distribution of inheritance raises some issues which ultimately bring about to the death. The problem what is the inheritance distribution problem after tsunami at Johan Pahlawan sub-district in West Aceh, what is the solution on the problematic inheritance distribution at Johan Pahlawan sub-district of West Aceh. Method of the research is qualitative research. This research is field research. Therefore, the researcher conducted observations, interviews and documents analysis to know the problem related to the problem of the study. It shows that the distribution of the inheritance problem after tsunami that lack of expert in faraidh, the loosing of lands’ documents ownership, the loosing of inheritance objects and haste distribution. The majority of the society at Johan Pahlawan sub-district of West Aceh is Muslim as there is influences of Islamic culture then the inheritance distribution are: the total inheritance of parents, but in the community itself is also common division based on an agreement with the family usually initiate of the male heirs.

The performance of the school head master is one of the efforts of the school head master to improve the graduate quality. The aim of this research is to describe the work of the school head master in improving the students' quality of MTsN Meurebo. The method of the study is descriptive method through qualitative approach. The data collection techniques are: observations, interviews and documentations. The subjects of the research are: the school head master, school administrative chairman, teachers. The result of the study shows that: 1) the ability of school headmaster in improving the quality of the graduates is met the graduate criteria because the school head master has run various abilities to support the achievement of the graduates' quality, both abilities as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, and innovator . 2), In practice , it is indeed need motivation of the school head master and all the school members to manifest the graduates quality. 3), the school head master is able to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats faced by the school, so that it can be used as a reference in making decisions concerning the improvement of the quality of graduates. In its implementation that various efforts require s a consensus commitment of all the school members in order to achieve the optimal quality of the school graduates.

Da'wah is communication activitis in which the dai convey the messages to themaudu’i both personally and in group, how to express hte hidden behaviour of the humanbeing, it is clear must be putforward methof or tehnique to convey or to deliver messages correctly. The result of the study show that most of audienswellcome positively on the neccesity to have humor and gag in delevering the da’wa in order the listener are not bored in listening the conveying messages and the da’wa is interesting to be listened. Da'wah bi al lisan throught the intertaining tehnique prevalent nowadays according to ust in Banda Aceh is that generally the dai entertain the listener in da’wa is to make the listener interested in without eleminating the substance of the da’wa. The posistive impact of the da’wa bi al lisan throught the entertaining tehnique is that all the listener are motivated to listen to the da’wa. Besides, the listener not only listen for themselves but also bering any impact to their family to come together to listen to the da’wa.

Corruption is a crucial problem in Indonesia that could not be resolved yet. Corruption takes place nearly in all aspect of life and makes Indonesia become a foremost country in corruption. In fact, the majority of Indonesians are Muslim. This study aims to define the perspective and the concept of corruption according to Islamic law in Indonesia. This study used descriptive-analytic method and normative approach. The result of this study shows that corruption in Indonesia is process of feather one’s nest and others by violating the laws and justice principal (al-‘adalah), accountability (al-amanah) and position’s responsibility. If corruption in Indonesia reviewed to jinayat perspective law, thus it will be the same as ghulul (treachery), al-ghasy (fraud), risywah (bribe), al-hirabah (seizure), and al-ghasab (using other’s own non-permit). Corruption is including to criminal act based on Islamic law and nas (script), because of the deed is deviating nas-nas (scripts), such as khiyanah/ghulul, al-ghasy (fraud), risywah (bribe), al-hirabah (seizure), al-ghasab (using other’s own non-permit) and the last but not least, the doer can be punished.

This article generally discusses the social change and its relationship to the practice of Islamic inheritance. This study aims to investigate the impact of the social change in altering the inheritance law. Data for this study were gathered through various Islamic literatures, books, articles, seminar papers and other related materials. The findings of this study revealed that the social change has influence on the altering of the Islamic inheritance law within the community. However, the change was limited only for the law that was resulted from maslahah al-mursalah, as wasīyyat al- wajībah problems that have been legislated laws in Muslim countries, not the qat‘i laws as it was originally coming from the divine source. As this study has several limitations, it was recommended that future studies need to examine this matter more comprehensively due to some deficiencies in its application such as the use of fiqh and ushul methods.

China is a very unique country, has a very old civilization and culture in the world. Under the glory and the strength “Great Wall”, China emperium kept a million secreet about Islamic history and civilization which started from Tang Dinasty, Sung Dinasty, Yuan Dinasty, Ming Dinasty up to Manchu Dinasty (Ching Dinasty). Actually, Islam in China, In the erliest days, brought through two ways by Arabian and Parsian traders, namely silk road and sea road. Even both of those ways had it’s own difficulties. One of the famous moslem who spreading and introducing Islam in that area that was Sa’ad bin Abi Waqas through “Silk Road” at least on 4th or 5th centuries based on several trusted resources. Sa’ad had a special respect from Yung Wei as a China emperor from Tang Dinasty at that time. Since then, gradually Islam stepped in foot in this area even dinasty to dinasty has been changed till China became Republic, and the Communist regime reigned China. However, the spirit of moslem minority in China was never faded out upto now. The Islamic preaching which was brought by brilliant and pious traders (Arabs and Parsians) in 1.400 years ago, truely left the greatest influences, not only perceptions but also values of moslem society in China nowdays. Whether realize or not, the Chinese people have already adopted many knowledges from Islamic people from time to time.

Astronomy is a science which studies the trajectory of celestial objects such as the Earth, the moon, the sun and the stars in order to understand the direction and the time at the Earth's surface for the sake of worshiping. The determination of the early time of prayer time is the scope of astronomy. In this study, the issues be studied is the effect of altitude and the brilliance of the sky in determining the prayers' times. To answer the problems, the writer used descriptive qualitative method and normative approach. This approach is necessary because of the emergence problem on the results of the completion on the calculation formulas of the prayers' time which is one of the most important worship and the attributes if Islam. The results of the research find that altitude is greatly affect the results of the initial calculation of Maghrib, Isya, and Subuh. While, the brilliance of the sky affects the initial prayer time of Isya and shubuh.

The relationship between educational institutions and politics is not merely a mutual relationship influence, but also a functional relationship. Institutions and educational processes play important role in structuring the people political behavior in a country or a region. Dayah as the oldest educational institutions in Aceh, which has played a great role, has ups and downs in its legality. After Tsunami and the Helsinki MoU, dayah "ask the right" to not be regarded anymore as stepchildren of any other educational institutions. Due to the struggling, dayah finally get the Acehnese government legality as an formal institution which is equated with other formal educations, and it alumnus could be accepted in some government and private institutions with some requirements be fulfilled that have been decided by the Acehnese government which is formed through the (BPPDA), The Agency of Dayah Educational Development. Nowadays phenomenon shows that between dayah and the Acehnese government have already have symbiotic mutualism.

Democratic instruction is a teaching strategy which optimizes the students' roles during the teaching-learning process. The strategy also provides a mutually balanced relationship between the teacher and the students in the classroom. This study aims to class in Islamic junior high schools (MTs) in Aceh Province and to describe the definition, implementation, and any adverse effects on the students when the democratic teaching has not been applied, and the implications toward the students and teachers in the islamic culture and history (SKI). The study found that in general, most teachers of the cultural history of Islam of the MTs in Aceh have implemented the democratic teaching strategy in their classes through discussions, question and answer, and group work. However, some teachers have not yet implemented the strategy due to various factors, such as lack of awareness and unprofessionalism. The positive implications were found in most schools where the teachers implemented the strategy in their classes in the MTs in Aceh. However, schools still need to improve to avoid and solve the adverse implications, such as by improving the quality and quantity of the instructional elements like the teachers, learning facilities, learning evaluation system, curriculum, and relationship with the school surroundings; the students' parents, society, local government, and the related parties of the school.

Coaching Islamic dress is one of the tasks that must be implemented by Islamic education knowledge (Pendidikan Agama Islam/PAI) teachers, both in school and out of school. Contribution PAI teachers are expected to have relevance to the role of educators in Islam, so that the teacher's role in fostering ethical PAI Islamic dress can give a good change to students. This research was conducted at SMAN Sabang, which is considered representative for the study, because students and teachers are very homogeneous, tribes, nations and religions. This research is a qualitative research with method of collecting data through interviews, observation and document study. The researcher found that 1) Ethics dress that is set the school has met the criteria of Islamic dress code; but students' practicing islamic dress both in school and out of school is less than perfect. 2) the contribution of PAI teachers in coaching dress code is good. 3) In coaching, PAI teachers have enabling and inhibiting factors, so that there are students who still dress out of school environment do not meet the criteria of Islamic dress.

Radd is the problem of the heritage distribution which affect the rest of property after the heirs dhawil furud acquire his or her rights sharing. This study aims at knowing the theorem by both scholars and clerics whether reject or receive radd, to understand the completion radd according to the Islamic scholar council and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), as well as to understand the radd concept which is supposed to be practiced in Indonesia. To obtain the answer of the study, the researcher combines empirical and normative law approaches in radd determination and heirs receiver. The research is qualitative which stressing its analysis on the combination of the summarizing process between the Islamic scholar council and KHI, and analyze the relationship dynamics phenomena in the society. The source of the data is collected through library research. The method used in the data analysis is descriptive by describing the concept of radd. The result of the study shows that the Islamic scholars who rejet radd are those who use the argument based on the verse of the Qur'an surah an-Nisa: 13-14, while the Islamic scholars who receive radd based on the verse of the Qur'an surah al-Anfal: 75. The completion of radd according to the Islamic scholars council is to give to all dhawil furud except husband and wife, while KHI give the rest of the property to heirs without any exception. The radd concept which is supposed to be applied in Indonesia is by considering a kinship system in a family as in within is the responsibility transition that must be carried out after the death of heirs, without neglecting the opinion of the Islamic scholars in decision making.

Dayah is an Islamic educational institutions located in Aceh. This educational institution is similar to the so-called pesantren - an Islamic boarding school in the island of Java, both from the aspect of function and purpose (although there are also some important differences). In 2003, the Government of Aceh through the Governor of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Decree, issued a regulation, numbered 451.2 / 474/2003 on the Criteria Stipulation and Dayah Assistance in the province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD). One of the subject matter is to make a policy that dayah is divided into several classifications: Type A, Type B, Type C and Non Type. This classification aims to distinguish the type of assistance to be given to dayah. This qualitative study is conducted to see how effective is the government assistance to support the quality of education in dayah. By conducting interviews to four (4) different dayah (2 interviews at traditional dayah and 2 at modern dayah), this research is expected to analyze the management of education and the impact of government assistance. The results of this study concluded that the education management of dayah remain dependent on their leadership figure (teungku), so that the impact of government assistance also varies positively to dayah physical development and improvement of facilities and infrastructure, but this assistance has also interestingly changed teungku's positive paradigm into a much more negative one.

Arabic has been one of the most widely used languages in human communication not only because of its aspects surpassing those of other languages, but due to the Divine honor as the language of Holy Koran as Allah said ,”We made it an Arabic Koran that perhaps you will understand (alzukhruf , 3) This honor has enhanced and elevated the Arabic language status among the Arabs , its native speakers after all and among non-Arab Muslims, who found Arabic flexibility and potency of expression that their languages lack in addition to the holiness of Arabic as the language of the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet who is sent as Messengers for human beings. Due to the distinguished status of Arabic and its values for non-Arab Muslims, I addressed in this study not only the factors enhancing the usage of Arabic language by non-Arab peoples who embraced Islam and establishing. this language in the civilizations of these peoples, but also the impact of the Arabic language on their languages besides their cultural production, supporting my findings with the testimonies of objective researchers who had incontrovertible impact on the Arab civilization itself.

Gala umong (pawn) has been practiced among Acehnese society until nowadays, whether in urban or rural areas. This research is aimed at seeing whether the practice of gala umong among acehnese society fulfills the requirements of Islamic shari’a. The result of the study shows that the practice of rice field pawn seing through the Islamic pillars and requirement son pawn has not met the terms of the pillars and rahnor pawn. The unfulfill practice of pawn can be seen that the unclear statement of the returning deadline that must be conduted by the user. It creates the misunderstandings amongst the parties which finally bring about the hostility among societal members. Another thing which is not in accordance with the rules is that the contract of rahnor utilization of Marhuun (collateral), in this case is a productive rice land which is used by the murtahin (pawn recipient). If it is neglected, then the ricest men will use their wealth only for the sake of getting guarantee pawm from the poor for the ongoing investment. As a result, the poor will be more poor as they could not utilize their productive wealth and the ricest will be more rice as plentiful harvest marhūn utilize. Thus, the practice of gala umong which is practiced at Dayah Sharif village, Pidie sub-district, Aceh province, is not in accordance with Shariah.

The people of Aceh are known for adherence to religion and uphold the culture and customs. Before Islam came to Aceh, Hindu and Buddhist influence is rooted in the traditions and beliefs of Acehnese society. Therefore, even though Islam has flourished and developed in Aceh, there are some cultures and traditional beliefs which is still preserved by the people of Aceh. It is strongly associated with the teachings of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah which is the only school of theology of the people of Aceh. The existence of those cultures and traditional beliefs leaded Islamic culture as a newcomer must be in harmony with. Consequently, there was a process of influencing each others. It formed a traditional Islam i.e., the Islam that has been acculturated to the culture and beliefs before. One of those traditional cultures which has been practiced in Aceh is rah ulei. This research aims at studying the cultural acculturation in Aceh i.e. rah ulei from the Islamic perspective. The data was obtained through interviews and observations, then analyzed by descriptive analysis method. The results show that there are some traditions and cultures of Aceh which acculturated with foreign culture, including rah ulei. Meanwhile, according to the Islamic perspective, worshiping grave or asking divine spirits for something but God is violating Islamic theology.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi Ibn ‘Āsyūr dalam pengembangan maqāsid al-syarī‘ah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi Ibnu ‘Āsyūr terhadap maqāsid al-syari‘ah dibagi menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu: menetapkan legalitas hukum al-maqāsid; merumuskan urgensi penerapan maqāsid al-syari‘ah dalam menetapkan suatu hukum; serta membagi kepada maqāṣid al-‘A̅ mmah, dan maqāṣid al-Kha̅ shshah. Pertama adalah mengenai legalitas hukum al-Maqa̅ṣid, bahwa Allah Swt sebagai sang pemilik syari’at mustahil untuk menurunkan syari’at kepada manusia tanpa diiringi dengan tujuan dan hikmah mulia. Hal ini dijelaskan dalam ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang mengisyaratkan akan hal tersebut, seperti tersebut dalam QS. al-Dukhan: 38-39, al-Mu’minun: 115, al-Hadid: 25, Ali Imran: 19. Dalam pembahasan mengenai maqāṣid al-‘A̅ mmah, Ibnu ‘A̅ syu̅ r menegaskan posisi penting universalitas dalam seluk beluk syari’at. Menurutnya, universalitas merupakan salah satu karakter unik syari’at Islam, yaitu dapat menyesuaikan dengan masa perkembangan zaman. Adapun konsep dari maqāṣid al-‘āmmah adalah jalb al-maṣa̅ liḥ, wa dar’ al-mafa̅ sid dan taysīr wa raf’ al-ḥarj. Dalam hal ini ia merumuskan empat kerangka epistemologinya terhadap al-maqa̅ṣid, yaitu: fitrah, toleransi (al-ṣama̅ḥah), persamaan (al-musa̅ wah), kebebasan (al-ḥurriyyah). Dalam pembahasan mengenai maqāṣid al-kha̅ṣṣah, Ibnu ‘A̅ syu̅ r menerapkan aplikasi dari kaedah-kaedah maqāṣid al-‘āmmah. Bentuk aplikatif ini tertuang pada berbagai aspek, misalnya dalam ibadah, muamalat, dan lain-lain.

The obligation on charity and explanation of the law has been emphasized since the days of Mecca,the strongest opinion in the second year Hijr. However, the occurrence of major changes in the world that followed the revolution of science, technology, political and economic structure, made the concept of wealth and poverty is changing dramatically in which legal paradigm is no longer sufficient to carry out the teachings of charity in society. Hence, it is needed the criticism and evaluation of understanding and perception of charity, both on theoretical concepts and operational concepts, as well as implementation and application models. This study discuss the criticism to rebuild the whole concept of charity, comprehensive and precise with a variety of related concepts, including the concept of property and ownership, economy and fairness in various dimensions.

Ābid al-Jābirī was an influential figure during his time. His thoughts was delivered through his works which was able to arise the Muslim awareness. This study discusses the ideas of Muhammad Ābid al-Jābirī and what are the affects of his thinking concept. This study is library research with the philosophy historical as an indicator tracing on the problems being discussed. The results show that Ābid al- Jābirī thoughts trying to deconstruct the historical facts happened within the Arab nation. The deconstruction process is analyzed through the Islamic epistemological approach. Although there are some problems were not been resolved by al-Jābirī, but the discourses being lifted could be respond and give new works that continue to discuss relates to the Arab nation criticism historical. His thoughts are also very significant as the efforts to establish the Aceh contemporary civilization.

A set of rules about gratification is a novelty within society and perceived to collide with the cultural of giving in the Islamic society in Indonesia. This study is aimed to explore the meaning of gratification from the perspective of positive law in Indonesia, and the boundaries of gratification, which is interdicted by the laws. This study used the normative method which analyzes the positive law in Indonesia regulating the gratification. The result of this study shows that gratification in the positive law and Islamic law perspective has a wide meaning including each tribute for Civil Servant or State Apparatus. According to Indonesia law, gratification could be either positive or negative. Gratification which is allowed by the laws is a gift with a pure tension of the recipient to the Civil Servant or State Apparatus without expecting to achieve anything in return. In contrary, gratification which is not allowed by the laws is a gift for the Civil Servant or State Apparatus because of their position in that employment and the purpose of it is not related to their duty or order. Based on Islamic law perspective, gratification is forbidden by nas al-Qur’an and hadith. Substantially, the rule of positive law in Indonesia which forbids the gratification practices has fit with the aim of Islamic law. In positive law in Indonesia, however, there is still gratification allowed that leads to the fraudulence. Instead, in Islamic law all kinds of gratifications for the State Apparatus and the Civil Servant are forbidden in order to ensure all the ways of fraudulences are closed off.