The purpose of this study was to determine the leadership approach of elementary school principals in Lubuklinggau City in blusukan. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. The research subjects consisted of the Principal, the Teacher Council, and the School Staff. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses Miles, Huberman, and Saldan’s interactive model, with the flow of the stages of data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verifying. The results of the study, the school principal's approach to blusukan, is by providing motivation to subordinates, listening to and respecting subordinates' ideas, appreciating the slightest performance produced, and maintaining a family relationship between subordinates and superiors. In conclusion, the school principal establishes a kinship relationship with the school community in carrying out blusukan.

Using the Analytical Multi-Criteria Hierarchy (AHP) approach and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), this article seeks to discover crucial success criteria for e-learning during COVID-19 in order to enhance process education. Based on established assessment criteria and multi-channel e-learning methodologies, data was gathered by interviewing 69 e-learning leaders in educational institutions during COVID-19. We discovered that managing technology, assisting management, educating students about the usage of the e-learning platform, and requiring a high level of information technology exchange from the lecturer are all important. Universities, staff, and students have had the biggest influence on online learning during COVID-19. The most useful of the five learning models is blended learning. These findings show that e-learning preparation plays a significant impact in boosting the educational process during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of the specific technology used by an educational institution.

This research aims to compare the learning outcomes of Qur'an Hadith among three cooperative learning models, TGT, Peer Tutoring, and STAD, based on students' school backgrounds. This quantitative study used a comparative method to analyze data with SPSS 27 and the Two Way ANOVA test. The results revealed significant differences in Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes between students using the TGT model and those using Peer Tutoring, as well as between TGT and STAD (Sig.2-tailed < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in learning outcomes between Peer Tutoring and STAD (Sig.2-tailed > 0.05). There was also no significant difference based on students' school backgrounds (SD, MI) (Sig. > 0.05). Furthermore, there was no interaction between the Learning Model and School Background in determining students' Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes (Sig. > 0.05). Overall, TGT proved to be the most effective teaching model in enhancing students' Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes, while students' school backgrounds did not influence these results.

This article describes the influence of school culture and work motivation on school quality at SMKN 1 Pungging Mojokerto. This article has used quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population in this study were all teachers at SMKN 1 Pungging Mojokerto, totaling 111, while the people used 87 respondents. The results showed that 1. School culture significantly influences school quality with a significance value of t of 0.00. 2. Work motivation significantly affects school quality with a significance value of t of 0.000. 3. Simultaneously, school culture and work motivation significantly influence school quality with a calculated F value of 32.876 with an F significance value of 0.000 and a regression coefficient R2 of 43.9%.

This academic study examines classroom discipline strategies and cultural dynamics within the Japanese education system. It focuses on their effects on classroom management and cross-cultural education. The study aims to provide valuable lessons from the Japanese approach to classroom discipline, student engagement, and the influence of national factors on student-teacher relationships and communication. The main objective of the study is to highlight the fundamental rules of Japanese classrooms, emphasizing respect, hierarchy, and authority. It examines how these values shape the overall discipline and approach adopted by Japanese teachers. This will help in providing a framework for understanding unique classroom management practices in Japan. This study provides valuable insights into classroom management strategies in Japan and their relevance to cross-disciplinary education. By understanding Japanese classroom cultural dynamics and discipline strategies, educators and policymakers can gain a broader perspective. They can also adapt effective practices to create inclusive and engaging learning environments. The study also suggests avenues for future research, encouraging further exploration of cultural dynamics and their implications for education systems worldwide.

This study examines IT-based HR development strategies in Islamic higher education and boarding schools in Indonesia, focusing on the Faculty of Tarbiyah at Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Thaha Saifuddin, Jambi. It also explores the integration of IT in primary school teacher of education training programs. The research employed interviews, surveys, and document analysis using a case study approach. Participants included faculty members, administrators, students, and teachers/administrators from selected Islamic boarding schools. The findings show the faculty's progressive integration of IT-based HR development strategies. These include Learning Management Systems (LMS), online training modules, virtual classrooms, and educational apps. These tools improve instruction, student engagement, and administrative efficiency. The study also highlights the inclusion of IT in basic school teacher education training programs. Incorporating IT skills into the curriculum is crucial for prospective teachers to effectively use educational technologies in their classrooms. This research enhances the understanding of IT-based HR development strategies in Indonesia's Islamic higher education and boarding schools. It guides educational institutions and policymakers for better integration of IT in teacher education programs, promoting effective HR development strategies, and improving overall educational quality.

This article describes Muhammad Ali's educational endeavors since he came to power in 1805. Muhammad Ali built schools and brought in European teachers to teach, and he aimed to take advantage of scientific developments in European countries to create a modern Egypt. By conducting a literature study and a qualitative approach, we analyze the sources obtained and describe them historically using a qualitative approach. Muhammad Ali had strong ambitions to become the sole ruler of the Middle East and his descendants. For this reason, a strong army is needed for this ambition. A strong military cannot come without medicine, chemistry, physics, civil engineering, and language education. His efforts succeeded brilliantly after experiencing obstacles almost on par with all European countries. However, this effort is detrimental to Islamic Education and Al-Azhar by building schools that sometimes do not follow Islamic teachings and rule out Arabic as the language of the Koran. Even so, public Education did not continue and run as it should because Western countries stopped Muhammad Ali's ambition to build a modern state. After all, the interests of the West and Russia were disrupted.

This article aims to reveal the collaboration of Islamic and Christian religious teachers in SMA/SMK in the Pantai Labu District. The method used is descriptive research with a field approach and data analysis named after Miles and Huberman. The research results found were [1]. The activity of combining students in one group to clean houses of worship, both mosques and churches, has been carried out by Islamic and Christian religious teachers. The target is of course to provide experience and habituation for students to do together in every social activity, [2]. If there are friends and parents of grieving students, Islamic and Christian religious teachers always combine Muslim and Christian students to attend the visit. [3]. If any of the students are experiencing grief, the Islamic and Christian religion teachers direct students to give their sincerity in collecting the finances that will be given to the grieving students without discriminating between race, ethnicity, and religion owned by each student. [4]. Familiarize students to support each other in completing the equipment needed for the activities of religious holidays. [5].Inviting each other to religious holidays. The implication of this article can be a guide for religious teachers in multicultural Education in their respective schools. It can open up space for thoughts if teachers are contaminated with narrow thinking.

One of the frequent challenges Raudlatul Ulum Junio High School faces is the minimal attitude of care and compliance of students in doing the tasks received from teachers. As an educator, overcoming the existing challenges and implementing a decent solution to solve them is vital. The key is placed to hold a Taftisyul Kutub, where passing the Taftisyul Kutub examination is a prerequisite for following the written test. This research aims to examine in depth the implementation of the Taftisyul Pole and the skills that students generate from its performance. Qualitative research uses a participatory qualitative approach, where data collection techniques include observations, interviews, and documentation. Data is then analyzed based on data reduction components, data measurement, conclusion drawings, and verification to determine its validity using triangulation. The researchers' findings suggest that Taftisyul Polub is a strategy to reduce student disobedience. As for the skills acquired by students from the Taftisyul Kutub maintenance, that is, the development of collaborative skills, improved student understanding, the development of speaking and opinion skills, motivation, and student involvement.

The aim of this article is to analyze the problems of diversity in students' educational backgrounds and the policies of the UIN Datokarama Palu Arabic Language Education (PBA) learning program. The type of research used in this research is qualitative field research. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses the Huberman and Miles method. The results of the research show that the Arabic language learning problems faced by students of the Arabic Language Study Program (PBA) at UIN Datokarama Palu consist of language proficiency problems, psychological problems, and intellectual problems. The Arabic language study program policy is to manage these problems through the application of various learning methods and models, the provision of scholarships, and the formation of Arabic study groups. Through the application of various learning methods and models, language proficiency problems faced by students can be overcome. Meanwhile, providing scholarships is effective in overcoming the psychological problems faced by students. The formation of an Arabic study group is effective in overcoming language proficiency problems and intellectual problems.

This study aims to see how far the influence of the scramble-type cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes. The type of research used in this research is a quasi-experimental design. The results of this study indicate that; the implementation of the economic learning process with the scramble-type cooperative learning model is quite effective in producing students' ability to understand each material. Based on these results it can be said that the experimental class achieved a score above the completeness criteria of learning outcomes compared to the learning scores of students in the control class. This cannot be separated from the teacher's ability to construct learning using the scramble learning model approach. So, through the learning construction of the scramble model, students can think critically and build their own capacity through various processes and learning models carried out in learning units.

This article aims to describe and analyze the urgency and implementation of PAI learning design in developing religious tolerance at SMA Negeri 1 Kedamean Gresik. The research method used in this article is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the research are that there are 3 stages in the implementation of PAI learning design in developing religious tolerance at SMA Negeri 1 Kedamean, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. This research can help increase students' understanding of other religions so that they are able to respect differences in beliefs. This research can provide learning experiences that can help students develop empathy towards individuals from various religious backgrounds. By understanding the values of tolerance, students can be better able to prevent religious discrimination in society. Religious tolerance education needs to be given to students as early as possible. Instilling openness of thought from an early age, and accepting differences based on the values of tolerance, will of course minimize attitudes of intolerance in students.

This article aims to describe the application of Service Learning learning in the formation of religious moderation in the Darussalam Pare Kediri Pondok Pesantren. A qualitative approach with the design of case studies is used to understand the impact of the application of this learning in developing a moderate attitude and a balanced religious understanding over the centuries. The research participants consisted of the centers involved in the Service Learning program and the educators who planned and oversaw its implementation. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with centers, participatory observations of learning activities, and analysis of program-related documents. Data credibility is strengthened through the triangulation of data sources and the verification of findings with respondents. Data portability is observed through an in-depth description of the training context. Data confirmability is emphasized by using direct quotes from the original data to support interpretation. The result of this research is to reveal the application of service learning capable of providing a real experience to the center in serving the community, understanding social reality, and connecting it with religious values. This research contributes to understanding how the application of Service Learning learning can help shape religious moderation among the clergy. These findings provide insight into the effectiveness of this approach in integrating religious understanding with real-life experiences in society.

This article aims to develop video learning media specifically crafted to assist educators in presenting learning materials more tangibly and understandably, particularly within early childhood education. Guided by the Research and Development (R&D) process, the study focuses on two primary objectives: (1) elucidating the intricacies of developing STEAM-based video learning media for Early Childhood Education, incorporating Religious and Moral Values, and (2) evaluating the appropriateness and effectiveness of such media in the educational context. Adopting the ADDIE development model, the research encompasses five pivotal stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The validation process for the developed product entails collaboration with media, material, and design experts, complemented by feedback from colleagues. One-to-one tests, Small Group Tests, and Field Test methods are employed to assess the effectiveness of the media. Validation results from these experts affirm that the developed media aligns seamlessly with the criteria for successful application in educational settings. During the product implementation phase involving 15 students, it became evident that this development was an effective learning tool. The post-test scores surpassing the pre-test scores indicate the product's efficacy in enhancing the understanding of morning phenomena, instilling religious and moral values, and fostering STEAM creativity in early childhood education.

This article aims to revisit and find out to what extent the constructivist learning model is able to improve student learning outcomes. Learner learning outcomes are one indicator of the success of education in the cognitive domain, of course, supported by the learning model. The focus of research on the implementation of constructivist learning models can improve student learning outcomes in elementary schools. The research method and approach used is a descriptive qualitative meta-analysis by collecting several research results with document studies and research data derived from journals related to the implementation of constructivist learning models. The data collection technique used is non-test by searching E-journals via Google Scholar or Google Scholar as well as documentation studies conducted in the library. Searches obtained several articles and 9 theses, 1 thesis, and 1 dissertation related to constructivist learning models. The results indicated that the constructivist learning model was able to improve student learning outcomes with the lowest percentage of 21% to the highest of 53% with an average of 32.35%. So it is concluded that the implementation of constructivist learning models in the learning process based on E-journal searches through Google Scholar, Google Scholar, and documentation studies is effective in improving student learning outcomes.

This study aims to examine the differences between religious education at the school and university levels, focusing on the curriculum, sources of religious knowledge, and the role of media in shaping students' religious understanding. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing document analysis and interviews with students at Lambung Mangkurat University (ULM) in Banjarmasin. The findings reveal that university-level religious education in Islamic studies deepens students' understanding of religious concepts, emphasizing moral and spiritual aspects. The study also highlights the pivotal role of parents in instilling religious values from an early age and the significant influence of social media, with Ustadz Adi Hidayat being a popular religious figure among students. Moreover, ULM students predominantly possess a textualist scripturalist understanding of religious diversity, primarily focusing on exoteric-shariah aspects. The research contributes to discussions on the dynamics of religious education and the diverse sources shaping students' religious knowledge.

This paper aims to examine the era of Islamic intellectual packaging during the reign of Caliph Harun al-Rashid during the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad. History has recorded that during the reign of the Abbasid dynasty, Muslims were truly at the peak of their glory and led world civilization at that time. The reign of the Abbasid dynasty was a "golden age" in the history of Islamic civilization, especially during the reign of Caliph Harun al-Rashid and al-Ma'mun.  Harun al-Rashid is considered by historians to be the greatest and most brilliant caliph who brought the Abbasid dynasty to its golden age. He ruled for 23 years and made this dynasty achieve progress and glory in the fields of politics, economy, trade, science and Islamic civilization. This research concludes that the Abbasid Dynasty was the heyday of Islam in various fields, especially science and science. Islamic intellectual progress at that time was due to the caliph's love of science, the establishment of the Baitul Hikmah library, and the movement to translate various books and literature into and out of Arabic played a major role in shaping the Islamic intellectual world at that time.

The industrial society 5.0 revolution in Islamic Religious Education Learning can create the synergy that accelerates humans to adapt to changes that occur, by utilizing technological advances in learning. The Islamic Religious Education Model in learning is an effort made to answer increasingly complex and complex educational challenges in the era of the industrial revolution society 5.0 which requires the world of education to better prepare students to face the real world. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method which aims to offer a model of Islamic Religious Education in the era of industrial society revolution 5.0. This learning model can help prepare students to face the real world, by directing students to the expectations they will achieve, the challenges they will face, and the abilities they need to master. So that the campus world can become a living laboratory for students in facing real life. Islamic religious education with this new model can be delivered flexibly (flexible learning) so that it will be more adaptive to changing times.

This research aims to analyze and describe the process of enhancing teachers' pedagogical competence in Society 5.0. A qualitative research methodology was employed, utilizing a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews with one principal, one vice principal, six teachers, and one administrative staff member. Data processing techniques included reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data was ensured through credibility and confirmability. The findings indicate three stages of teacher development: (a) Awareness and behavior formation stage, which involves training needs analysis, learning design, access to self-contained material centers, teacher motivation, moral and material support, performance assessment, Yaumiyah, Tastqif, and Tahfidzul Qur'an programs. (b) The ability transformation stage focused on education quality, the application of independent learning, and learning design. (c) The ability enhancement stage involved IT-based learning and teacher collaboration. The outcomes of teacher development encompassed competence mapping, student mentoring, identification of developmental needs, fostering Islamic personality, nurturing character-driven teachers, employing Student-Centered and Project Learning models, and an increase in teachers' knowledge.

To improve the standard of teaching Islamic Religious Education in the Ajatappareng Region, Indonesia, a thorough review of the recently introduced full-day school system was conducted over two semesters. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the full-day education system on students’ learning outcomes in Islamic religious studies and to assess the effectiveness of fostering Islamic cultural values. Students from public primary schools in the Ajatapareng area participated in this study, which considered both formal and informal education pathways. The research method used tests, observation, documentation, and both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The results showed that for primary school children, it is essential to initiate an integrated strategy based on Islamic principles to efficiently achieve the educational goals set by the school. The implications for this study can support independent learning and future programmers in learning design and development at the primary school level.