Emerging adulthood is a period of transition to early adulthood characterized by unstable conditions due to changes in many aspects of life. Psychological skills are needed that can help emerging adults face future challenges. This study aims to see the impact of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in improving subjective well-being and emotion regulation in emerging adults. The participants of this study consisted of eight persons. The criteria for participants in this study are individuals aged 17-19 years who did not show indications of anxiety, depression and stress disorders. The selection of these non-clinical criteria is intended so that healthy individuals can achieve better psychological conditions and as a preventive effort to avoid psychological disorders. The measuring instruments used in this study are the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) Scale. The data analysis method used is paired sample t-test to measure the difference in the average score in the group before and after the intervention. The results of the analysis proved that there was a significant increase in subjective well-being scores between before and after the intervention by increasing the life satisfaction. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in emotion suppression scores, however there was a decrease in the use of expression suppression strategies in regulating emotions. The results also show there is a decrease in the use of cognitive reappraisal strategies in regulating emotions between before and after the intervention, but the decrease is not significant. This study provides implications for counseling practice with ACT based interventions to provide more skills in observing and defusion technique in regulating emotions so that ACT is expected to improve individuals’ emotion regulation abilities.

This study explores the dynamics of social anxiety among first-year university students, focusing on the challenges they face and the adaptations they employ. The primary objective is to understand how specific factors influence students' anxiety levels, particularly examining the correlations between gender, age, and facets of social anxiety. Employing a survey design, data were collected using a validated questionnaire comprising 32 items that measure key aspects of social anxiety: Fear of Negative Evaluation, Avoidance of Social Situations with Strangers, and General Avoidance of Social Situations. The study analyzed responses from 334 students, predominantly female (69.2%) and under 20 years of age (84.4%), with most participants enrolled in the Faculty of Education and Psychology (67.1%). Results indicate significant correlations between the examined factors and social anxiety levels, with p-values < 0.05 across all aspects. Gender was significantly associated with general anxiety, with females exhibiting higher anxiety levels. Age was strongly correlated with Fear of Negative Evaluation, while faculty affiliation showed a significant relationship with Fear of Negative Evaluation and General Avoidance of Social Situations, but not with overall anxiety levels. These findings highlight the critical role of gender in influencing social anxiety, while the effects of age and faculty vary across specific dimensions of anxiety.

As technology and social media evolve, children are increasingly susceptible to bad content, including self-harm behaviours. Gender disparities influence the effects experienced, with females being more vulnerable to emotional content and social comparison, whereas boys are more prone to encountering information that promotes hazardous masculine behaviour. This study seeks to investigate variations in self-harm behaviour according to gender and the types of social media often utilised by primary school students in Indonesia. This study is comparative in nature; the sample was chosen by random sampling methods. The study comprised a sample of 372 primary school students, with a gender distribution of 30.2% male and 69.8% female. Data were gathered using the Self-harm Scale, which comprises 24 items in a 4-point response format. The analytical method employs an item response theory framework utilising Rasch model. This study employed descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (Anova) utilising WIinsteps ver. 5.5.0. The findings indicate substantial disparities in self-harm related to gender and the predominant form of social media utilised. This study indicated that the prevailing trend in social media usage among primary school students involves utilising TikTok and WhatsApp for interaction and content sharing.

Building healthy romantic relationships is a critical developmental task during emerging adulthood as it contributes to higher psychological well-being. However, the instability and uncertainty that often characterize this period can hinder emerging adults from forming healthy romantic relationships.  It has been found that self-concept is a key factor in building healthy romantic relationships, as a strong self-concept supports more positive outcomes in romantic relationships. However, much of the existing training only focuses on sexual health education and dating violence. In addition, the majority of emerging adults report that they have not received the relationship education they desire or require, whether from their families or educational institutions. To fill the gap in knowledge about this topic, this study focuses on enhancing self-concept through healthy romantic relationship training. This study hypothesized that participants who completed the training would report higher mean self-concept and healthy romantic relationship knowledge scores. This quasi-experimental study, employing one group pre-test and post-test design, involved 13 participants (M = 21.8, SD = 2.1). The instruments used to measure the variables were the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale Second Version Short Form (TSCS:2 SF) and the Healthy Romantic Relationship Knowledge Questionnaire. Qualitative data were also derived to support the quantitative data. Quantitative analysis using ANOVA Repeated Measures and thematic qualitative analysis showed that healthy romantic relationship training significantly enhanced self-concept in emerging adults. The research implications highlight the significance of providing training on healthy romantic relationship for emerging adults, emphasizing the need to focus on self-concept which can contribute to higher romantic relationship quality.

Inclusive education seeks to ensure fair access to quality education for kids with special needs, as stipulated by Law Number 20 of 2003 on The National Education System of Indonesia. Nonetheless, children with impairments frequently face obstacles in social interactions and academic pursuits. This study investigates the efficacy of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) training in improving the socialisation skills of students with disabilities at SMA Negeri 3 Bondowoso, an inclusive institution. The study employed a quasi-experimental approach and included three students with distinct needs: a slow learner, a visually challenged student, and a student with speech difficulties. Over a period of four months, SRL training was executed, integrating individualised counselling to enhance participants' metacognitive, motivational, and behavioural competencies. Data were gathered by pretest-posttest assessments, follow-up evaluations, questionnaires, and interviews with students, educators, and parents. The results demonstrated substantial enhancements in socialisation abilities, with all participants attaining elevated levels of social engagement, communication, and emotional control following the intervention. The SRL framework, based on self-regulation and social cognitive theories, allowed students to reflect on their behaviours, adjust social strategies, and control emotions proficiently. Personal counselling enhanced their self-assurance and development. This study shows that self-regulated learning (SRL) training, in conjunction with counselling, is an effective intervention for enhancing social skills and independence in students with impairments. The findings enhance inclusive education practices, providing educators with a systematic method to tackle social issues and foster a supportive learning environment for all children.

Academic anxiety is characterised by the presence of internal thoughts and sentiments of fear and doubt regarding an individual's capacity to successfully complete assignments and examinations with expected results. The Cognitive Behaviour Group Counselling (CBGC) approach is an efficient method that can assist students in addressing these difficulties more effectively. When conducting this study, a quantitative technique was utilised, and a genuine experimental design was utilised. Thirty students from vocational high schools in Mojokerto, Indonesia participated in the study. The sample size was twenty-two students, and they were split evenly between two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of eleven students. A scale for measuring academic anxiety that was based on Ottens' theory was used to collect data, and it was distributed through Google Forms. A paired sample t-test analysis was utilised in order to carry out the data analysis. When the experimental group was compared to the control group, the results showed that the experimental group saw a considerable drop in degrees of academic anxiety. The results of this study suggest that CBGC is an effective method for lowering academic anxiety among students who are enrolled in vocational colleges.

Education plays a pivotal role in the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. This qualitative study explores the opportunities and challenges of reforming rehabilitation through formal education at the Youth Rehabilitation Center Class II A Bengkulu. The program aims to enhance academic skills, life competencies, and self-esteem among juvenile offenders. Using a purposive sampling method, the study involved 14 informants, including a head of education and community guidance, a teacher, and 12 foster children. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Findings reveal that educational initiatives at the center significantly boost foster children's confidence, motivation, and optimism about their future. The institution's strategic location, dedicated educators, and adequate infrastructure support these efforts. However, several challenges persist, such as limited cooperation from the children’s previous schools, insufficient facilities, a lack of subject-specific resources (e.g., science), and a shortage of qualified teachers. This study provides a detailed analysis of integrating formal education into rehabilitation programs and offers recommendations for improving the quality of educational services in juvenile rehabilitation centers. These insights aim to support the development of inclusive, sustainable, and education-focused rehabilitation policies.

This study aims to determine the effect of teacher involvement on elementary school students' boredom and its implications for guidance and counseling practices in schools. Using a quantitative approach with a correlational design, data were collected from 454 elementary school students in Bandung City who completed questionnaires on teacher engagement and boredom levels. The results of the analysis showed that teacher engagement, especially on the emotional aspect, has a negative influence on student boredom, i.e. the higher the teacher engagement, the lower the student boredom. This finding highlights the importance of the teacher's role in creating an active and interactive learning atmosphere to reduce student boredom. The practical implication is that school counselors can support teachers by providing training to strengthen emotional and cognitive engagement and encourage the development of students' social skills to create a conducive and enjoyable learning environment. This study recommends further research to explore other factors that influence student boredom and to examine the influence of teacher engagement in different educational contexts.

Inclusive Education is education that is open to all groups of people. Inclusive-based education in Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren) is to serve all students of different backgrounds. Students in Islamic boarding schools are composed of different backgrounds and personal identities, as students with inclusive values. Adaptation with the school environment requires self-efficacy in religiosity and spirituality. Self-efficacy can provide encouragement to students enrolled in Islamic boarding schools. Self-efficacy is a feeling of success through possessed abilities to achieve individual life goals. Self-efficacy gives a positive psychological impact towards a person in their lives. Research results indicated that there is a need for guidance and counseling services that can increase the self-efficacy of students yet allow them to stand firm in their religiosity and spirituality. To respond to this matter, there is the need for an application that students may use in any situation and condition. Therefore, the Islamic Guidance and Counseling Application (IGCA) answers the needs of education in Islamic boarding schools. The utilized method in this research was the qualitative method with observations, interviews, and documentation to examine the religiosity and spirituality of students in Islamic boarding schools. The research results are expected to be able to accommodate the needs of counselors in Islamic boarding schools with an inclusive approach for guidance and counseling of religiosity and spirituality.

This study aims to develop a comprehensive school guidance and counseling program model by integrating the international models of ASCA (American School Counselor Association) and ABKIN (Indonesian Guidance and Counseling Association), tailored to the local context of Indonesia. The research utilised the Borg and Gall research and development design, which includes development, testing, and validation steps. A purposive sample of 141 guidance and counseling teachers from various educational levels across Indonesia participated in the study. The developed model consists of two main frameworks: a general framework and a specific framework. The general framework includes the foundation, delivery system, management, and accountability, while the particular framework covers the rationale, philosophy, vision and mission, and program audit. The model was validated by four expert validators: (1) a professor of Guidance and Counseling from Semarang State University, focusing on junior high school education; (2) a professor from Malang State University, focusing on senior high school education; (3) a professor from Indonesian Education University, focusing on elementary school education; and (4) an expert lecturer in Early Childhood Education (PAUD). The validation results showed an average score of 4.1 out of 5, indicating that the model was considered satisfactory in feasibility and completeness. Suggested improvements emphasised further adaptation to local conditions and strengthening evidence-based accountability. This model is expected to enhance the effectiveness of school counseling services by supporting student development in three main domains: the academic domain (learning to learn), the career/vocational domain (learning to earn), and the personal/social domain (learning to live). With a more adaptive approach to the specific needs at various educational levels, this guidance and counseling model can better support student growth.

This study investigates student behavior in utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) to address academic and personal challenges, as well as the subsequent implications for guidance and counseling services within Islamic higher education contexts. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing literature reviews and semi-structured interviews conducted with four counselors and six students from an Islamic higher education institution in Bengkulu. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman interactive model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that students predominantly use AI tools to efficiently manage academic tasks, such as organizing schedules and accessing information. However, excessive dependence on AI has been observed to adversely affect students' critical thinking abilities, as they often unquestioningly accept instantaneous solutions provided by these technologies without deeper reflection or critical assessment. Additionally, counselors identified significant challenges in integrating AI technologies with a humanistic and spiritually grounded counseling approach rooted in Islamic values, particularly concerning issues of data privacy, confidentiality, and ethical use of technology. The results of this study emphasize the necessity of developing a balanced strategy that combines the advantages of AI with robust human interaction in counseling practices. Consequently, it is recommended that Islamic higher education institutions enhance counselor training in ethical AI utilization, while concurrently supporting students in cultivating critical thinking capacities and moral consciousness aligned with Islamic ethical frameworks. Future research should consider employing quantitative methodologies to statistically assess AI's impact on students' academic and personal development and to broaden the exploration of effective integration between technological advancements and Islamic educational values.

Genogram as a tool in the counselling process has a long history and is not just a term, but it is based on a clear philosophical foundation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method that includes primary articles and books. The results of the study indicate that a genogram is a diagrammatic representation of family conditions and information from several generations, which can explain status, work patterns, lifestyle, illness, gender, and other factors. By understanding the good or bad family history, individuals can use this information to anticipate and prevent future problems and guide them to achieve more positive conditions. The use of a genogram in counselling provides deep insight into hereditary patterns and dynamics, helps clients understand interpersonal relationships, and gives them strength to face life's challenges.

This study examines how interparental conflict affects offspring's future marital satisfaction, with a focus on the mediating role of communication patterns. A total of 364 married couples participated, using self-report questionnaires and instruments, including the Parental Conflict Intensity/Frequency Scale (PIC-I/F), Spousal Satisfaction Index (CSI-16), and Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ-SF). The results showed that communication patterns did not mediate the relationship between interparental conflict and marital satisfaction. Instead, perceived interparental conflict directly predicted marital satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of reframing individuals’ perceptions of past parental conflict, rather than just focusing on improving communication skills, to achieve greater marital satisfaction. The study offers valuable insights for family researchers and mental health practitioners in Indonesia, suggesting intervention approaches or therapies to support married individuals from high-conflict families in improving their marital satisfaction.

This systematic literature review examines the concept of agentic engagement, a form of proactive student involvement in learning defined by self-directed behaviours such as expressing preferences, seeking clarifications, and actively shaping the instructional environment. Previous research on engagement has predominantly focused on behavioural, emotional, and cognitive dimensions, making agentic engagement—which was introduced in 2011—a novel branch in the study of student engagement. Consequently, this review analyses studies published between 2011 and 2024, sourced from five major databases: Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Taylor & Francis. We identified and thoroughly reviewed a total of 15 eligible articles across three key dimensions: (1) characteristics of students exhibiting agentic engagement, (2) factors contributing to the development of agentic engagement, and (3) the impacts of agentic engagement on students' learning. Additionally, an in-depth analysis addresses ways to enhance agentic engagement through an intervention called the Autonomy-Supportive Intervention Program (ASIP). This analysis suggests that agentic engagement is a vital educational aspect, benefiting students by fostering academic resilience, self-efficacy, motivation, and school adjustment, while also reducing test anxiety. Teachers can cultivate supportive learning environments that foster student agentic engagement with the help of ASIP. The implications of agentic engagement extend beyond traditional classroom settings, providing valuable insights into student-centred practices that encourage self-determination and active participation. Furthermore, understanding agentic engagement can guide teachers in gaining deeper insights into their students and help them identify those who require greater encouragement or motivation. Additionally, counsellors can design targeted interventions to enhance agentic engagement in learning. This literature review highlights the transformative potential of agentic engagement in education, especially in school settings, and suggests promising avenues for future research.

Flow is a source of mental energy because it focuses on attention and motivates the individual to perform an action. The concept of flow was developed by a psychologist named Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Csikszentmihalyi studied the flow phenomenon in the 1970s and found that individuals who experience flow will feel total involvement in an activity, which then leads them into an optimal experience. On the other hand, students need academic flow to successfully complete lectures, study, and work assignments. This study aims to determine and to explore factors and impacts of flow for university students. This study used a systematic literature review method based on the PRISMA flow diagram. This study used data from 13 eligible and credible articles. The results demonstrated that students can strive to achieve flow by understanding related factors and impacts. In addition, the abilities are required for educators to foster academic flow. Therefore, although flow is a condition related to students‘ internal conditions, this study shows that flow can also be influenced by external factors.

This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of narrative counseling in enhancing the meaningfulness of life among high school and vocational students in Baubau City, Southeast Sulawesi Province. A quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design was employed. The participants included 173 students who completed the Meaningfulness of Life Scale and 32 school counselor who had undergone narrative counseling capacity-building training. Through purposive random sampling, 34 school counselor were divided equally into experimental and control groups, with each group comprising 17 school counselor. Each teacher provided narrative counseling to 17 students identified with low to moderately low levels of meaningfulness in life. Narrative counseling sessions were conducted over 3 to 4 sessions by school counselor. The meaningfulness of students' lives was assessed through six indicators: self-understanding, positive attitude change, life purpose, strong commitment, self-direction, and effective social support seeking. Results indicated significant improvements across these indicators. Initially categorized predominantly as low, five indicators improved significantly to fairly high levels, while one indicator reached a moderate category post-intervention. The statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test yielded a significance value of 0.01 (p < 0.05), confirming a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention outcomes. The Asym.sig (2-tailed) result also confirmed this significance with a value of 0.01. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of narrative counseling in enhancing students' meaningfulness of life. Consequently, narrative counseling is validated as a valuable strategy for empowering students in high school and vocational settings, significantly fostering their sense of purpose and life direction.

A first-time father faces numerous problems when his first child is born, including feelings of powerlessness, anxiety, and frustration. This depression will have a detrimental impact on both children's development, marital satisfaction, and family well-being. The stages of writing a narrative literature review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) phases start from 1) selecting a review topic, 2) searching the literature, 3) collecting, reading, and analysing the literature, 4) writing the review, and 5) writing the reference list. This review included 13 research articles that fit the required inclusion criteria, i.e., articles on father participation, first-time father participants, and papers published between 2019 and 2024 retrieved from the Scopus database, Taylor & Francis Online, ProQuest, Sage Journals, and the Sinta platform from the Ministry of Education and Culture. We do not screen proceedings papers that are not peer-reviewed or published outside of 2019 and 2024. We excluded news pieces, literature reviews, book reviews, and popular articles from empirical or primary studies. Findings from this research review identified a range of factors associated with father involvement: 1) transition process, 2) emotional state, 3) self-efficacy, 4) depression, 5) social support, 6) role challenges, and 7) demographic characteristic. This study reveals that seven factors influence father involvement in infant care and have implications for counselling practice, e.g., PUSPAGA (Pusat Pembelajaran Keluarga or Family Learning Centre).  The majority of studies examined have concentrated on populations from Western cultures, with little consideration given to non-Western cultures, this study only addressing some Asian (e.g., Chinese, Thai, Korean, and Singaporean) and African cultures. Therefore, it is important to understand how different cultures influence father involvement, as the responses of fathers in a particular culture to their parental role cannot be generalised to all fathers from that cultural background.

This systematic literature review (SLR) explores technostress among educators in post-COVID-19 education. While technostress—stress caused by technology use—has been extensively studied in non-educational settings, its impact on educators remains underexamined, particularly as the pandemic accelerated digital adoption in teaching. This review addresses this gap by analysing the key stressors associated with technology, their underlying causes, their effects on educators, and potential mitigation strategies, including the role of counselling.  We used the PRISMA guidelines to search six academic databases (Emerald Insight, ProQuest, Taylor & Francis, SAGE, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) for peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025 that look specifically at tech-related stress among teachers. The search initially yielded 1,142 articles, with 23 meeting the inclusion criteria for in-depth analysis. The findings reveal that excessive digital workloads, the complexity of new technological tools, work-life imbalance, and inadequate institutional support are primary contributors to technostress. These challenges are further exacerbated by limited training and resources. Additionally, individual factors such as digital competence, self-efficacy, and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) play a significant role in determining educators’ ability to cope with technology-related stressors. This review provides valuable insights into the challenges of technostress and outlines strategies for intervention. The findings offer practical recommendations for educational institutions, policymakers, and counsellors to create more sustainable and supportive digital learning environments.

This study aimed to assess the success of qanaah coping as a training approach to improve the psychological well-being of students.  Qanaah in Islam is a disposition of accepting and finding contentment in the results of one's endeavours, while eschewing sentiments of discontent and inadequacy.  The participants in this study were eight students demonstrating diminished psychological well-being attributable to maladaptive thought habits.  The study utilised a one-group pretest-posttest design, implementing cognitive restructuring via qanaah coping inside a group counselling framework.  The study employed a psychological well-being scale with 26 reliable items to assess the intervention's efficacy.  The instrument had substantial dependability, evidenced by a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.898.  Given that the significance value exceeded 0.05, the instrument was considered acceptable.  The results indicated a t-score of -5.767 and a significance level of 0.001, which is below 0.05, signifying statistical significance.  The mean psychological well-being score improved from 60.685 in the pre-test to 109.105 in the post-test, resulting in the null hypothesis being rejected.  The qanaah coping technique was determined to be beneficial in enhancing the psychological well-being of students in Islamic boarding schools.

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research trends on bullying within the counseling field, based on 174 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus database between 2014 and 2024. Bibliometric techniques—including keyword co-occurrence mapping, co-authorship network analysis, and citation tracking—were conducted using VOSviewer to identify dominant themes, influential authors and journals, and patterns of scholarly collaboration. The analysis revealed eight major keyword clusters, primarily centered around childhood adversity, mental health outcomes, and counseling-based intervention strategies. Prominent contributors included authors such as Espelage, D.L., and journals such as Children and Youth Services Review, School Psychology International, and the Journal of Counseling & Development. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia emerged as the most productive countries, with medicine, psychology, and social sciences dominating the subject areas. Research output peaked in 2021 and 2023. Despite the overall growth in scholarly interest, topics such as cyberbullying and anti-violence education remained underrepresented, indicating important gaps for future exploration. These insights offer a clearer understanding of the field’s evolution and provide valuable direction for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers committed to advancing bullying-related interventions in counseling contexts.