This research explores the complex field of Arabic diglossia, with a particular emphasis on how language attitudes and identity formation are constructed within this framework. The research includes 26 native Arabic speakers who are studying in Indonesia, with a focus on both high (Modern Standard Arabic, MSA) and low (regional dialects) types. This study use descriptive qualitative study explores the intricate sociolinguistic dynamics of Arabic diglossia by examining the perspectives of Arabic speakers. Participants, proficient in both Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and regional dialects, revealed a prevailing positive attitude toward MSA, particularly in formal and academic contexts, underlining its perceived prestige associated with intellectual discourse, cultural preservation, and historical continuity. Contrasting attitudes toward regional dialects emerged, ranging from strong attachments to pragmatic views, underscoring the complexity of individual language attitudes. Contextual appropriateness played a crucial role in language choices, with MSA favoured in formal settings and regional dialects in informal interactions. The study unravelled the interplay between language choices and identity, highlighting varied degrees of identification with pan-Arab and local/regional identities. Zoom Meetings shed light on the difficulties in switching between MSA and regional languages and offered insights into diglossia competency. Sociocultural adaptations demonstrated how language can be flexible in response to a range of situations. This study emphasizes the intricacies of linguistic attitudes, identity development, and adaptive language usage in multilingual environments, adding nuanced views to our knowledge of Arabic diglossia

The research aims to determine and describe the use of language experienced by  Naswa Shihab and Maudy Ayunda on the youtube channel Narasi Naswa Shihab which includes code mixed and code switching. The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods, namely the observation and note data collection technique that pay attention to the data on aspects of deep understanding of a problem. The research data is the utterances of Najwa Shihab and Maudy Ayunda in “Najwa Notes With Maudy Ayunda” on the youtube channel narration of Najwa Shihab. Based on the results of the research and analysis carried out on the use of the Najwa Shihab language on the youtube channel there were events of code mixing and code switching. Theserelated conclusion include: 1) A form of code mixing in the use Najwa Shihab and Maudy Ayunda language usage speeches on social media, especially youtube Najwa Shihab, 2) The form of code switching for the use of the language Najwa Shihab and Maudy Ayunda on social media, especially youtube Najwa Shihab.

When translating words with cultural concepts, appropriate translation methods andtechniques are needed because usually there are words with cultural concepts cannot be translatedliterally. The purpose of this study is to analyze the translation ideology of cultural concept words inthe book Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources by Martin Lings by using Peter NewMark’s theory related to cultural categories and translation methods, Molina and Albir’s theory oftranslation techniques, and Lawrence Venuti’s theory of translation ideology. The data sources in thisstudy were obtained from the book Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources by Martin Lingsand its translation by Qamaruddin SF which contains the concept of culture in it. The approach usedin this study uses a comparative descriptive approach. Data analysis was carried out by classifying orcategorizing cultural terms, and analyzing translation methods, techniques, and ideologies. The resultsof the analysis show that there are 120 cultural category data. In the translated book, the categories ofculture as proposed by Newmark are ecology, material culture, social culture, social organization,customs, and other cultures. Translators in translating these cultural concept words use adaptation,amplification, borrowing, calque, description, common equivalence, generalization, literal translation,and particularization techniques. While the translation methods used by translators are word for word,literal, semantic, adaptation, and communicative translation. The ideology used by translators is thatthey are often found using the ideology of domestication to translate words with cultural concepts.

Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan jenis dan fungsi kalimat imperatif pada spanduk partai politik menuju pemilu 2024 di Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek adalah kalimat imperatif, data yang digunakan kalimat imperatif pada spanduk beserta konteksnya dan Sumber data utama yang digunakan adalah spanduk-spanduk partai politik menuju pemilu 2024 yang berada di kota Surakarta. Objek adalah kalimat imperatif, data yang digunakan kalimat imperatif pada spanduk beserta konteksnya dan sumber data adalah dokumen tertulis spanduk partai politik menuju pemilu 2024 di Kota Surakarta.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik triangulasi sumber data dan Teknik teriangulasi metode pengumpulan data. Teknik triangulasi sumber data digunakan untuk mengecek data dari berbagai sumber. Metode simak atau observasi dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan secara langsung terhadap objek penelitian yaitu kalimat imperatif pada spanduk partai politik menuju pemilu 2024 di Kota Surakarta. Dokumentasi digunakan untuk mendokumentasikan spanduk partai politik di Kota Surakarta dengan cara difoto agar memudahkan proses pengumpulan data. Teknik ini digunakan untuk mencatat atau mengklasifikan data sesuai dengan jenis kalimat imperatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan kalimat imperatif dengan jenis, (1) larangan, (2) suruhan, (3) biasa, (4) perintah, (5) permintaan dan (6) ajakan.  Fungsi kalimat imperatif yang ditemukan yaitu (1) fungsi menyampaikan sebuah isyarat, (2) fungsi mengajak, (3) fungsi memerintah, (4) fungsi meminta dan (5) fungsi melarang.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi dan peran dari klausa relatif yang bersifat tak membatasi which. Penelitian ini memiliki desain deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah buku Children’s Bible Stories: Share the greatest stories ever. Objek kajian dalam penelitian ini 78 kalimat berbahasa Inggris yang mengandung klausa relatif which. Pengumpulan data di sini menggunakan metode simak dan teknik catat. Analisis datanya memanfaatkan metode padan referensial dan teknik pilah unsur penentu. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa klausa which muncul dalam 16 kalimat untuk menjadi modifikator bagi nomina, frasa nominal, frasa verbal, dan klausa lain. Dalam konteks peran, klausa which memberikan informasi terkait keadaan atau situasi, tempat atau lokasi, agen atau pelaku, target atau sasaran, penyebab, dan instrumen atau alat.

Student protests have recently become a source of political polemic among society that is often influenced by how their actions are represented in media which in turn, shapes public perception and affects the outcome of their demands. The study examines how American news platforms portray the 'Dark Indonesia' student protests, a recent social movement opposing Indonesian government policies, focusing on the representation of participants, actions, and events through the lens of transitivity in Systemic Functional Linguistics. As a major platform in global media, Voice of America English news has the power to impact not only domestic audiences, but also international communities. The purpose of the study is to uncover how language shapes the framing of the protests through an analysis of the verbs or processes used in each clause and how each social actor is represented through discursive strategies. The findings indicate that material verbs are the most dominant process used in the news. The ‘Dark Indonesia’ student protests representation is emphasized through their direct actions. The study argues that this linguistic focus on material processes justifies the protests by highlighting the significance of the movement and emphasizing the legitimacy of the protests in the eyes of the global audience.

This research focuses on flouting the maxims in R.L Stine’s novel Goosebumps Monster Blood I and II. It aims to find the types and the function of flouting maxims. This research used descriptive qualitative research and applied a pragmatic approach, particularly Grice’s theory of maxim. The result shows 26 data which are appropriated with the characteristic of flouting maxim. They consist of 2 flouting maxim of quality, 12 flouting maxim of quantity,  5 flouting maxim of manner, and 7 flouting maxim of relation. Based on the data analysis the researchers concluded: the functions for flouting maxim of quality is to correct the question; the functions for flouting maxim of quantity is to explain more about topic; the functions for flouting maxim of manner is to change the topic; the functions for flouting maxim of relation are also to change the topic of conversation and to avoid talking about something.

Fokus permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu rekognisi respon offensive countering mitra tutur terhadap ketidaksantunan berbahasa dalam lima video acara podcast youtube Deddy Corbuzier. Penelitian ini mewakili kajian pragmatik, sebab identifikasi variasi rekognisi respon offensive countering (menyerang balik) mitra tutur ini didasarkan pada konteks peristiwa tutur. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data autentik yang berbentuk lisan atau percakapan antara pembawa acara podcast dan bintang tamunya. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu lima video acara podcast Deddy Corbuzier yang diunggah dalam kanal Youtube. Metode pemerolehan data dalam penelitian ini kombinasi antara metode pemerolehan data linguistik secara umum dan metode pemerolehan data secara pragmatik. Pemerolehan data pragmatis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara perekaman pembicaraan autentik, interaksi semuka (interaksi dengan medium tatap muka langsung), discourse autentic dengan ordinary conversation. Dari segi metode pemerolehan data linguistik, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode simak bebas libat cakap. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analisis kontekstual, cara-tujuan, dan padan pragmatis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat enam kategori respon offensive countering mitra tutur dalam menghadapi ketidaksantunan berbahasa. Masing-masing dari kategori respon offensive countering tersebut ditemukan berdasarkan ciri pembeda data temuan. Variasi respon offensive countering; respon menyerang balik dengan makian sebagai pengekspresian kekesalan, mengacuhkan atau menganggap mitra tutur tidak penting, menggunakan kalimat yang menyatakan pembuktian, menyangkal dan menyalahkan mitra tutur, menyerang balik dengan pertanyaan yang menyudutkan, menunjukkan kekesalan pada mitra tutur, dan tuturan dengan maksud mengancam.

This research is based on the phenomenon of the emergence of minorsentences that occur in the barrel of advertisements on the social media platform Instagram.How is the form and function of words contained in minor sentences. The use of minorsentences is found in beverage products that are uploded on Instagram. To reveal the problemusing a syntactic approach, while still looking at the phenomenon that occurs in the minorsentences of beverage product ads on Instagram. This research uses qualitative methods. Theresearch data is a minor sentence contained in a drink ad on Instagram. There are threebeverage products collected including sprit_id, dancow, miloindonesia, and energen_id. Datawere collected in this study using the padan method and the agih method. Then the collecteddata will be paraphrased with the ujud change technique. From the data collected, there areseven minor sentence data in beverage product ads on Instagram. All collected data uses minorsentences in promoting product advertisements.

Directive speech act is a type of speech act that can give influence to others. In humor discourse, directive speech acts can appear through forms of language use used by speakers to speech partners. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of directive speech acts and its most dominant form in YouTube Channel 'Warintil Official' videos. This research applies descriptive qualitative research paradigm. The data in this study are utterances containing directive forms spoken by the actors in the 'Warintil Official' video. The data collection techniques used are the observation method with free participant observation, recording technique, and note-taking. Data analysis consists of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The result of this research shows that there are eight forms of directive speech acts, namely ordering, commanding, requesting, asking, recommending, prohibitives, permissives, and advising. The most dominant directive speech act in this study is asking. It shows that the speaker needs information from the speech partner.

This research aims to discover students’ quality in translating phrasal verbs in the short story “Missing out” written by Leila Aboulela to Indonesian and categorize the students’ translation of English Literature Department UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta work based on translation quality theory by Larson and equivalence theory proposed by Werner Koller. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Respondents in this research amount 10 participants of students’ university of English Literature Department UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Then, the finding shows that regarding the students’ translation quality from Larsons’ theory shows that students’ translation quality was found accurate, natural, and clear. The students’ accurate translations are 55 data, students’ clear translations are 44 data, and students’ natural translations are 46 data. Furthermore, the types of Kollers’ equivalent in students’ translation apply denotative equivalence and pragmatic equivalence. The frequency of denotative equivalence is 71 of 100 and the frequency of pragmatic equivalence is 2 of 100 data.Keywords: Equivalence, Students’ Translation, Translation Test, Werner Koller

Culinary translation challenges translators in rendering the source text into the target language naturally due to the cultural gap, linguistic differences, and the loss of meaning. The literature review explores the studies of translation strategies in Indonesian culinary translation, focusing on three main themes: strategies, challenges encountered, and suggested solutions by employing a qualitative literature-based research method. The review is to examine the translation strategies employed in translating culinary terms. Translators use various strategies in translating culinary terms. However, translating culinary terms requires the cultural knowledge and language proficiency of both the source language and the target language to get the equivalent meaning in the target text. Translators are encouraged to employ translation strategies that are more flexible and focus on the text’s purpose and audience.

This research is a syntaxis study focused on the use of conjunction in a speech act. The purpose of this study is to describe the frequency of conjunction and its accuracy in speech act of critique at a YouTube channel. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative. The data were collected by watched method and written technique. The data for this study are the conjunction used in speech act of critique. The analysis tool in this study is distribution method. The result of this study shows there are some kinds of conjunctions and its frequency of occurrence in speech act of critique. Then the result of this study indicates there are some functions of conjunction that affected the accuracy of its use.

The problems in this research are (1) how is the form of code-switching and code-mixing used by traders with buyers in Johar market, Semarang City? (2) how is the function of code-switching and code-mixing used by the sellers with buyers in Johar market, Semarang City? (3) how is the background factor of code-switching and code-mixing used by sellers with buyers in Johar market, Semarang City? The purpose of this research is (1) to describe the form of code-switching and code-mixing that happened in Johar market, Semarang City (2) to describe the function of code-switching and code-mixing that happened in Johar market, Semarang City (3) to describe the background factors of code-switching and code-mixing that happened in Johar market, Semarang City. This type of research is basic research. The level of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research are the utterances containing code-switching and code-mixing spoken by sellers and buyers in Johar market. The data source of this research is informants, namely buyers and sellers in Johar market. The data collection method used in this research is the listening method, the basic technique of tapping with the further techniques of simak libat cakap, simak bebas libat cakap, record, and note. The method used to analyze this data is using agih method and padan method.

This study describes the assimilation of nasal and nonnasal sound changes in Arabic. The sound change is the process of changing the sound caused by the presence of other sounds that are close to each other. This study aims to find phonological pattern phenomena that occur in Arabic, based on distinctive features studies. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. While the data collection method in this study is the observation method and uses note-taking techniques. The research data source is in the form of Arabic data which is contained in the Holy Qur'an. Assimilation in nasal and nonasal sounds in Arabic is known as idgham. The results showed that there are two types of assimilation of nasal sounds in Arabic, namely partial assimilation (idgham bigunnah) and complete assimilation (idgham bilagunnah). Meanwhile, the assimilation of nonnasal sounds in Arabic occurs in the reading of idgham mutaqaribain and idgham mutajanisain

This study is carried out to explore the forms and meanings of slang as a language variation in sociolinguistic used by Gen Z youths on social media TikTok. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique used observing and note-taking techniques, then the data obtained was analyzed using data reduction methods, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data in this study were obtained by scrutinizing to words or phrases that contain slang and are written in videos uploaded on social media TikTok. This study found that there were 20 data containing slang, consisting of eight (8) data which were funny misspelled words, six (6) data which were abbreviated forms, five (5) data which were shortened forms, and one (1) data in the form of injection.

This study addresses the need to systematically map the evolving research landscape of ecological affordances within China's foreign language teaching (FLT) context over the past decade (2015–2025). Employing a scoping review methodology, it analyzes relevant literature from the CNKI database using CiteSpace for visual knowledge mapping and cluster analysis. The research aims to identify publication trends, key research themes, influential contributors, and the developmental trajectory of this domain. 1) The findings reveal a field characterized by fluctuating but overall growth, delineated into three developmental phases; 2) Four primary research clusters were identified: Tracing studies on ecological affordances theory, transformational studies, practical studies, and expansions into emerging technological and cultural dimensions; 3) Key scholars and productive institutions, such as Dalian University of Foreign Languages and Shanghai International Studies University, were pinpointed; 4) The evolution of the field demonstrates a clear progression from theoretical importation to localized innovation and from macro-level constructs to nuanced, multi-perspective investigations. The study concludes that ecological affordances research has significantly enriched FLT discourse in China, offering a structured synthesis of its progress and suggesting pathways for further integrating ecological perspectives into pedagogical practice.

The aim of this study is to analyze the translation of the song lyrics Nemen from Javanese to Arabic, with a focus on pragmatic equivalence in illocutionary speech acts. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a product-oriented translation study. The data for this research consists of the song lyrics of Nemen in Javanese, which are translated into Arabic, sourced from the YouTube channel Kampung Arab Music. The data collection technique employs the listen and note method, where the researcher listens to the song lyrics in Javanese, identifies sentences containing illocutionary speech acts, and records the Arabic translation of those lines. The data analysis technique uses the interactive model, which consists of data collection, data reduction, and data presentation. The results of the study show that pragmatic equivalence can be achieved despite linguistic and cultural differences, while maintaining the illocutionary force in the translation. The illocutionary speech acts translated equivalently include directives, assertives, expressives, and commissives.

Percy Jackson and The Olympians: The Lightning Thief by Rick Riordan is primarily set in American society and the Gr3ek mythological world. Although it has limited direct correlation with Indonesian society, the novel has gained notable popularity among Indonesian readers. Remarkably, the Indonesian translation introduces linguistic elements that do not exist in the source text, particularly phatic particles such as ‘dong’, ‘deh’, ‘kan’, etc. This study examines how the addition of phatic particles in the Indonesian translation contribute to maintaining natural tone and relatability for Indonesian readers. Using a descriptive and qualitative approach, this study identifies ten types of added phatic particles and evaluates their function and translation strategies and techniques. The analysis reveals the application of domestication, adaptation, modulation, and amplification techniques to align expressions with Indonesian conversational norms. Helper and enlightener strategies are also used to support readers’ comprehension and emotional resonance. The translation choices using phatic particles help readers perceive the cultural and interpersonal contexts while also making necessary adjustments. This study argues that while the addition of phatic particles is part of linguistic compartment, it shows the translator’s cultural awareness of both English and Indonesian languages and her intention to present conversation text with natural tone.

The purpose of the research is to describe the types and functions of imperative sentences on political party banners towards the 2024 election in Surakarta City. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The object is imperative sentences, the data used are imperative sentences on banners along with their contexts and the main data sources used are political party banners towards the 2024 elections in the city of Surakarta. The objects are imperative sentences, the data used are imperative sentences on banners along with their contexts and the data sources are written documents of political party banners towards the 2024 elections in Surakarta City. Data collection is done by data source triangulation technique and data collection method triangulation technique. The data source triangulation technique is used to check data from various sources. The method of observation is done by directly observing the object of research, namely imperative sentences on political party banners towards the 2024 elections in Surakarta City. Documentation is used to document political party banners in Surakarta City by photographing them to facilitate the data collection process. This technique is used to record or classify the data according to the types of imperative sentences. The results of this study found imperative sentences with the types, (1) prohibition, (2) order, (3) ordinary, (4) command, (5) request and (6) invitation. The functions of imperative sentences found are (1) the function of conveying a signal, (2) the function of inviting, (3) the function of commanding, (4) the function of requesting and (5) the function of prohibiting